Overview

The spinal cord transmits motor sensory and autonomic signals between the brain and peripheral nervous system and mediates reflexes. It is organized into segments with dorsal sensory and ventral motor roots. Vascular supply and cerebrospinal fluid support cord function and integrity.

Ascending and Descending Tracts

Ascending tracts convey sensory modalities such as touch pain and proprioception to the brain while descending tracts mediate voluntary motor control. Tract localization explains clinical deficits in spinal cord injury. Imaging MRI evaluates cord compression and intrinsic lesions.

Cord Pathology

Compression trauma ischemia inflammation and demyelination impair cord function and cause motor sensory and autonomic deficits. Early diagnosis and decompression or medical therapy influence neurologic recovery. Electrophysiology and imaging guide prognosis and rehabilitation.

Clinical Relevance

Spinal cord injury and myelopathy require urgent assessment and multidisciplinary care. MRI is the modality of choice for cord imaging and surgical planning. Rehabilitation and long term support optimize functional outcomes.