Overview

Imaging evaluates arterial stenosis occlusion and collateral circulation in peripheral arterial disease. Modalities include duplex ultrasound CT angiography and MR angiography. Imaging guides revascularization planning and surveillance.

Duplex Ultrasound

Duplex assesses flow velocity and plaque morphology in peripheral arteries. It is widely available and useful for initial evaluation. Operator expertise and standardized protocols improve diagnostic accuracy.

CT and MR Angiography

CT angiography provides high resolution vascular maps for procedural planning. MR angiography offers alternatives without ionizing radiation in selected patients. Contrast timing and artifact management are important for image quality.

Invasive Angiography

Digital subtraction angiography remains the gold standard for intervention and detailed vascular mapping. It enables simultaneous diagnostic assessment and endovascular therapy. Imaging guides selection of stents balloons and adjunctive devices.