Tag Archives: facial bones

Facial Bones Waters
4
Feb

Overview

The Waters projection images the maxillary sinuses orbits and zygomatic arches with the chin elevated. This view is useful for detecting orbital floor fractures and maxillary sinus disease. Proper head extension optimizes visualization of the facial skeleton.

Technique

Position the patient with the chin extended so the orbitomeatal line forms a 37 degree angle to the detector. Center the detector to the mid face and use appropriate exposure. Immobilize the head to reduce motion artifact.

Clinical Indications

Waters view is indicated for facial trauma suspected orbital floor fracture and sinus pathology. It complements lateral and Caldwell views for comprehensive facial assessment. CT is preferred for complex fractures and surgical planning.

Image Assessment

Assess the orbital floor maxillary sinus and zygomatic arch for fractures and fluid levels. Evaluate for orbital emphysema and foreign bodies. Report findings and recommend CT when detailed anatomic delineation is required.

Facial Bones Caldwell
4
Feb

Overview

The Caldwell projection images the frontal sinuses orbital rims and nasal bones with the forehead against the detector. The beam is angled caudally to project the petrous ridges below the orbits. This view complements Waters and lateral projections for facial trauma evaluation.

Technique

Position the patient with the forehead and nose against the detector and angle the tube approximately 15 degrees caudad. Center the detector to the mid face and use appropriate exposure. Immobilize the head to minimize motion.

Clinical Indications

Caldwell view is indicated for frontal sinus trauma suspected orbital rim fracture and nasal bone assessment. It aids in detecting sinus fluid levels and anterior table fractures. CT is preferred for complex facial fractures and surgical planning.

Image Assessment

Evaluate frontal sinus integrity orbital rim continuity and nasal bone alignment. Look for air fluid levels and displaced fractures. Recommend CT for definitive assessment when indicated.