Overview

Adipose tissue stores energy provides insulation and secretes adipokines that influence metabolism and inflammation. White adipose tissue stores triglycerides while brown adipose tissue dissipates energy as heat. Distribution of adipose depots affects metabolic risk and endocrine function.

Subcutaneous and Visceral Fat

Subcutaneous fat lies beneath the skin while visceral fat surrounds internal organs and is metabolically active. Visceral adiposity associates with insulin resistance inflammation and cardiovascular risk. Imaging quantifies fat distribution for risk assessment.

Adipose as Endocrine Organ

Adipocytes secrete leptin adiponectin and inflammatory cytokines that modulate appetite energy balance and insulin sensitivity. Adipose dysfunction contributes to metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Weight loss and metabolic interventions improve adipose function.

Clinical Relevance

Obesity related complications include diabetes cardiovascular disease and fatty liver. Imaging and body composition analysis guide management and monitor therapeutic response. Lifestyle and pharmacologic therapies reduce risk and improve outcomes.