Tag Archives: prostate

Urology
16
Feb

Overview

Urologists manage kidney stones prostate disease urinary incontinence and urologic cancers using medical and surgical therapies.

Clinical Practice

Procedures include endoscopic stone removal prostate interventions reconstructive surgery and minimally invasive oncologic resections.

Diagnostics and Tools

Urology uses cystoscopy ultrasound CT and urodynamic testing for diagnosis and procedural planning.

Training and Roles

Urologists complete surgical residency and may subspecialize in oncology pediatric urology or female pelvic medicine.

Pelvis MRI Protocol
8
Feb

Overview

Pelvic MRI uses high resolution T2 sequences in multiple planes with diffusion and contrast enhanced imaging for staging and local assessment.

Prostate Specific

Include T2 axial and sagittal diffusion and dynamic contrast sequences following PI RADS recommendations for lesion detection and targeted biopsy planning.

Gynecologic and Rectal

Use thin slice T2 and diffusion for tumor staging and add contrast for vascular assessment and treatment planning.

Positioning and Coils

Use pelvic phased array coils and consider endorectal coils for prostate when higher resolution is required and tolerated.

Male Genital Accessory Organs
4
Feb

Overview

Accessory male genital organs store transport and contribute seminal fluid to support sperm viability and fertilization. The epididymis matures sperm the vas deferens transports them and seminal vesicles and prostate add seminal components. Pathology affects fertility and urinary function.

Epididymis and Vas Deferens

The epididymis stores and matures sperm while the vas deferens conveys sperm during ejaculation. Obstruction infection and congenital anomalies impair fertility. Ultrasound evaluates scrotal and ductal pathology.

Seminal Vesicles and Prostate

Seminal vesicles produce fructose rich fluid and the prostate contributes enzymes and alkaline fluid to semen. Prostatic enlargement infection and malignancy affect urinary and reproductive function. Imaging and biopsy guide diagnosis and treatment.

Clinical Relevance

Accessory organ disorders include epididymitis obstructive azoospermia prostatitis and seminal vesicle cysts. Fertility evaluation and urologic management address structural and infectious causes. Assisted reproductive techniques bypass some obstructive issues.

Reproductive System Male
4
Feb

Overview

The male reproductive system produces sperm and male sex hormones and facilitates fertilization. Key structures include the testes epididymis vas deferens seminal vesicles prostate and penis. Testicular function and hormonal regulation are essential for fertility and secondary sexual characteristics.

Testes and Epididymis

The testes produce sperm and testosterone within seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells. The epididymis stores and matures sperm prior to ejaculation. Scrotal imaging evaluates masses torsion and inflammation.

Prostate and Seminal Vesicles

The prostate contributes seminal fluid and surrounds the urethra below the bladder. Seminal vesicles add fructose rich fluid to semen and lie posterior to the bladder. Prostate enlargement and malignancy are common clinical concerns.

Clinical Relevance

Male reproductive disorders include infertility prostatitis benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Ultrasound MRI and biopsy guide diagnosis and management. Hormonal and surgical therapies address functional and structural issues.

MR Spectroscopy MRS
4
Feb

Overview

MRS measures biochemical compounds such as NAA choline and creatine to provide metabolic information complementary to structural MRI.

Technique

Single voxel or multivoxel spectroscopy requires careful voxel placement and shimming for reliable spectra.

Clinical Uses

Brain tumor characterization metabolic disorders and liver or prostate metabolic assessment.

Limitations and Safety

Lower spatial resolution and susceptibility to contamination from adjacent tissues. Interpretation requires expertise.