Tag Archives: sternum

Sternum RAO
4
Feb

Overview

The RAO sternum projects the sternum over the heart to reduce superimposition and improve visualization. The patient is rotated with the right anterior chest closest to the detector. This view is useful for suspected sternal fractures and lesions.

Technique

Rotate the patient approximately 15 to 20 degrees RAO and center the detector to the sternum. Use shallow breathing or suspended respiration to reduce motion blur. Collimate tightly to the sternum to reduce dose.

Clinical Indications

RAO sternum is indicated for trauma evaluation and persistent sternal pain. It helps detect cortical disruption and displacement. CT is used when radiographs are inconclusive or complex injury is suspected.

Image Assessment

Assess the sternal body manubrium and xiphoid for fractures and deformity. Evaluate for adjacent mediastinal widening or soft tissue swelling. Correlate with clinical findings and ECG when indicated.

Thoracic Cage and Diaphragm
4
Feb

Overview

The thoracic cage protects intrathoracic organs and supports respiration with the diaphragm as the primary muscle of inspiration. Ribs sternum and costal cartilages form a flexible protective enclosure while intercostal muscles assist ventilation. Diaphragmatic motion drives tidal breathing and separates thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Rib and Sternum Anatomy

Ribs articulate with the thoracic vertebrae and sternum providing structural support and protection. Fractures and deformities affect respiratory mechanics and pain. Radiography and CT evaluate osseous injury and chest wall pathology.

Diaphragm Function

The diaphragm contracts to increase thoracic volume and lower intrathoracic pressure facilitating inspiration. Diaphragmatic paralysis hernia and eventration impair ventilation and may require surgical or supportive management. Ultrasound and fluoroscopy assess diaphragmatic motion.

Clinical Relevance

Thoracic cage trauma and diaphragmatic dysfunction impact respiratory function and require imaging and multidisciplinary care. Rib fractures flail chest and diaphragmatic rupture are critical conditions in trauma. Supportive care analgesia and surgical repair restore function.