Overview
Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium and include left main left anterior descending circumflex and right coronary arteries. Coronary perfusion occurs primarily during diastole and depends on vessel patency and microvascular function. Coronary disease impairs myocardial oxygen delivery and causes ischemia.
Anatomic Variants
Coronary anatomy varies with dominance patterns and branching that influence perfusion territories. Anomalous origins and courses can have clinical significance and risk for ischemia. Coronary CT angiography maps anatomy non invasively for planning.
Atherosclerosis and Plaque
Atherosclerotic plaque narrows coronary lumens and can rupture causing thrombosis and myocardial infarction. Plaque composition and burden predict risk and guide therapy. Invasive angiography and CT assess stenosis and plaque characteristics.
Clinical Relevance
Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Revascularization with PCI or CABG and medical therapy reduce ischemic events. Imaging and functional testing guide diagnosis and treatment selection.