Metal Composition
XRF revealed copper alloyed with arsenic and tin, consistent with ancient Levantine metallurgy.
Manufacturing Techniques
Elemental variations indicated different production stages, including casting and hammering.
Historical Context
The tools reflected Sidon’s role as a major Bronze Age port. XRF provided scientific support for their origins.
Preservation Impact
XRF allowed researchers to analyze tools without sampling or altering their surfaces.
Additional Radiology Topics
XRF Analysis of the Nahal Mishmar Copper Hoard during Biblical Archaeology
XRF Analysis of the Timna Copper Slag for Biblical Research
XRF Analysis of the Bronze Age Silver Hoard from Tell el-Ajjul for Biblical History Studies
XRF Analysis of the Bronze Age Gold Jewelry from Byblos for Biblical Confirmation