Introduction
Renal imaging uses ultrasound CT and MRI to evaluate masses stones infection and transplant complications and to guide interventions. Choice of modality depends on clinical question patient factors and need for functional assessment. Multiphasic CT and MRI protocols characterize lesions and assess vascular anatomy.
Renal Mass Characterization
Contrast enhanced CT and MRI differentiate cystic from solid lesions and assess enhancement patterns suggestive of malignancy. MRI with diffusion and contrast sequences aids in characterizing indeterminate lesions and in patients with renal impairment. Bosniak classification guides management of cystic lesions.
Stone and Obstruction Evaluation
Noncontrast CT is the gold standard for detecting urinary calculi and assessing obstruction while ultrasound evaluates hydronephrosis and is preferred in pregnancy and pediatrics. CT urography provides detailed anatomic assessment for complex cases. Imaging guides urologic intervention and stone management.
Transplant and Vascular Assessment
Doppler ultrasound monitors transplant perfusion and detects vascular complications while CT angiography and MR angiography evaluate vascular anatomy and stenosis. Imaging supports biopsy guidance and infection surveillance in transplant recipients. Multidisciplinary care with nephrology and transplant teams optimizes outcomes.