Overview
Radiation oncology uses targeted ionizing radiation to treat malignant and some benign conditions. Treatments are planned to maximize tumor control while minimizing normal tissue exposure. Care is delivered in multidisciplinary teams with medical and surgical oncology.
Clinical Practice
Radiation oncologists design fractionated treatment regimens and coordinate with medical physics and radiation therapy staff. They manage acute and late radiation effects and provide palliative treatments for symptom control. Follow up includes surveillance imaging and integration with systemic therapies.
Procedures and Tools
Common tools include linear accelerators brachytherapy sources treatment planning systems and image guided radiotherapy techniques. Advanced methods include stereotactic radiosurgery stereotactic body radiotherapy and adaptive planning. Dosimetry and quality assurance are integral to safe delivery.
Training and Roles
Radiation oncologists complete residency training and often pursue fellowships in subspecialty areas. They work closely with physicists dosimetrists therapists and oncology nurses. Board certification and continuing education maintain clinical competence.