Overview
Ophthalmology diagnoses and treats diseases affecting vision including cataract glaucoma retinal disease and ocular surface disorders. The specialty combines microsurgery, medical therapy and advanced imaging to preserve and restore sight. Preventive screening and vision rehabilitation are integral to patient care.
Clinical Practice
Ophthalmologists perform comprehensive eye exams, manage chronic conditions like glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy and coordinate with optometry for refractive care. They use slit lamp examination, fundoscopy and multimodal imaging to guide treatment. Urgent care for acute vision loss and ocular trauma is a key service.
Procedures and Tools
Common procedures include cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation, retinal laser and vitrectomy and glaucoma surgery. Diagnostic tools include OCT, fundus photography and visual field testing. Low vision services and rehabilitation support functional outcomes.
Training and Roles
Ophthalmologists complete medical training and ophthalmology residency and may subspecialize in retina cornea glaucoma or pediatric ophthalmology. Certification and surgical volume maintain competence. Allied professionals include ophthalmic technicians and optometrists who collaborate in eye care delivery.